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The later 1980s were a period of erratic growth—rapid but unstable. Tigers and sea turtles spurred development throughout the decade: East Asia’s “tiger” economies—Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea—paved China’s way in state-led, export-intensive growth. China's “Sea turtles” were the many overseas Chinese who brought capital and knowledge acquired abroad back to their mother country. However, unresolved contradictions lurked in the new political economy of Deng’s China. Frustrations over stalled political reform—enflamed by widespread urban economic grievances over inflation and corruption—erupted in street demonstrations that paralyzed the PRC in the spring of 1989. The Tiananmen crisis would have lasting political repercussions on the cause of democracy—but also unintended economic aftereffects.

Balancing Politics with Business

Period: Reckoning (1985-89)

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Videosinthisperiod

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  • Overseas Chinese Invest Back in China

    David Wei

  • Foreign Educated Chinese Diaspora Returns

    Henry Tang

  • Balancing Politics with Business

    Bi-khim Hsiao

  • East Asian Competition and Taiwanese Know-how

    Yun-han Chu

  • Tiananmen Happened in an Immature Moment in History

    Chen Ping

  • Zhao Ziyang Was Like a Defensive Driver

    Barry Naughton

  • It Was Not at All Clear that the Cities Would Boom

    James Miles

  • 1989 to 1994 Was a Crucial Period for China

    Sheryl WuDunn

  • Tiananmen Was a Turning Point of Reform

    Winston Lord

  • Political Awareness and Birth of Chinese Avant-garde

    Ai Weiwei

  • Hong Kong Provided China with Capital

    Francis Leung

  • Japan Provided Support for Reform

    Akio Takahara

  • Autocracy and Economic Freedom Brought Growth

    Chen Ping

  • Expectations Are the Most Important Growth Factors

    Michael Anti

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Meettheexpert

Bi-khim Hsiao

Congresswoman, Taiwan

Bi-khim Hsiao, a member of Taiwan 's Legislative Yuan, was born in Kobe, Japan and grew up in Tainan, a city in southern Taiwan. She received an MA in Political Science from Columbia University, and a BA in East Asian Studies from Oberlin College before becoming active in Taiwanese politics over a decade ago.

Hsiao, who was involved in President Chen Shui-bian's 2000 and 2004 presidential campaigns as a spokesperson and international affairs director, became an advisor to President Chen in 2000 and was first elected to the legislature in December 2001.

As a member of the Foreign Relations Committee since her tenure in the 5th Legislature, Hsiao has been regarded as a strong and respected diplomat by her colleagues in the Legislative Yuan and by the foreign diplomatic community. Hsiao has placed great emphasis on human and civil rights issues including gender equality, immigrant rights, privacy rights, and gay rights.

In 2006, she was selected by Asia Society to join the Asia 21 Young Leaders Initiative.

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Well, Taiwan's opening up to China in the late 80's coincided with a period of Chinese opening up and a policy of engaging with the rest of the world economically. So, the Taiwanese business people who went into China early on were certainly in a position of comparative advantage. In a sense that they spoke the language, a common language, and they had a slightly better understanding of the Chinese culture than perhaps other western competitors, businesses wanting to go into China. So, within just a few short years of opening up, Taiwan eventually grew to become one of the largest foreign investors in China. The economic relationship has certainly enhanced mutual understanding but, at the same time, the irony is that the Taiwanese identity has also strengthened during that period. So, there are more people in Taiwan who are advocating that it is possible not to compromise politically for the sake of economic engagement with China. And this is a policy decision that many countries around the world have to make when they want to do investments in China and they want to do business with the Chinese. Do they have to concede on certain political positions? Do they have to silence themselves on human rights questions? I don't think that's necessarily the case. And the Taiwanese need to become much more skillful at positioning ourselves as well.

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Cite this Source >>
“Balancing Politics with Business | Bi-khim Hsiao | Reckoning | The China Boom Project.”
The China Boom Project.
The Asia Society Center on US-China Relations.
1 June 2010.
Web.
09 May 2025.
<https://chinaboom.asiasociety.org/period/reckoning/0/123>.
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  • Capitalism
  • Globalization
  • The Party
  • Crisis Management
  • Inheritance (Pre-1978)
  • Emancipation (1978-1984)
  • Reckoning (1985-1989)
  • Rebirth (1990s)
  • Overdrive (2000s)
  • Prospects
  • Mao's Failure, Deng's Success
  • China Boom: Rural China in the 1980s

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